Natural diamond tool specific application analysis

1, preface: diamond is a single crystals of carbon atoms, the crystal structure of the equiaxial crystal department (heart cubic face the highest density of an atomic crystal department). Because the diamond carbon atoms of a connection between key heterozygous covalent bond for sp3, therefore it has a strong adhesion, stability and direction. Unique crystal stone that makes the diamond with the nature of the highest in the material of hardness, rigid, refractive index, heat conduction coefficient and excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance and chemical stability, etc. Excellent characteristics of natural diamond can satisfy the precision and the ultra precision cutting to the cutting tool material most requirements, is the ideal precision cutting tool materials. Natural diamond uniform grain boundary without internal crystal structure make tools of blade can theoretically achieve atomistic level straightness and sharpness, cutting cut thin ability when cutting force, high precision, small; Natural diamond hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance and chemical stability ensures the tools of long life, can guarantee the lasting, and reduce the normal cutting tools wear for parts because the influence of accuracy; Its high thermal conductivity and can reduce the temperature and parts of cutting the thermal deformation. Therefore, natural diamond tool material as super hard in machining area has important position and a wide range of applications, especially in ultra-precision processing areas (such as processing used in nuclear reactor and other high technology fields of various reflector, the navigation for missile or rocket computer hard disk substrate, the gyro, ultra-precision components such as accelerator electron gun), Sandstone natural diamond tool on price or whatever on the precision than the traditional processing method has obvious advantages. Table 1 for using natural diamond cutter and traditional grinding, polishing method processing various reflector precision, price comparison results.

In addition to high-tech areas outside, natural diamond tools in general industrial and civil products processing, the application of increasing also already from traditional watch parts processing development to aluminium piston, jewelry, pen, glossy plates, non-ferrous metal decoration parts processing, can say natural diamond cutter has further mechanical processing fields, plays a more and more important role.
On the other hand, due to the unique natural diamond, which makes the performance itself processing very difficult. Because of natural diamond with high hardness, must use special methods of operating workers grinding, is also high requirements; technology Because natural diamond good chemical stability, past the long-term cannot welding, only by mechanical methods of diamond, causing big particles gripping material waste and tool of diamond prices, it also influenced the precision cutting tools and parts.
For hundreds of years, scientific and technical personnel in machining of diamond tool the important role and realization method and application foreground the long-term research and development, which has yielded substantial results. Reviewed below natural diamond tool by stages, the development situation of technology introduced the Slate diamond tool tips technique, and discusses the future developing trend.